Forging The Future Together:
FQM’s Enduring Legacy and Vision in Zambia
Over the past six decades, Zambia has evolved into a resilient nation with a growing economy driven by its abundant natural resources. At the heart of this progress is the mining industry, a key sector that has powered economic growth, fostered industrialization, and contributed to local communities.
A crucial partner in this journey has been First Quantum Minerals (FQM), whose presence in Zambia stretches back 28 years. During that time, FQM has moved beyond simply being a mining operator to becoming a dedicated partner in Zambia’s national development, committing to long-term investments in infrastructure, community welfare, and environmental sustainability.
From its early days as a modest tailings retreatment operator in Zambia, FQM has steadily grown into one of the world’s leading mining companies—a home-grown success story the nation should be rightly proud of.
With transformative projects such as the Bwana Mkubwa, Kansanshi, Sentinel, and Enterprise mines, the company has not only boosted Zambia’s mineral output but also contributed to the socio-economic development of once relatively underdeveloped regions.
As Zambia celebrates its 60th anniversary, FQM’s growth and enduring contributions—anchored in sustainable mining practices and community empowerment—highlight its integral role in shaping the country’s future prosperity.
A Legacy of Commitment and Growth
In 1996, the company that would grow to become Zambia’s largest copper miner, First Quantum Minerals, was born.
The late Philip Pascall and Zambian businessman Lamaswala Kwalela came up with the idea of setting up a mine during the privatisation era of the 1990s after the duo’s initial plan to venture into agriculture and animal ranching failed to come to fruition.
From modest beginnings processing the tailing dumps of copper ore at Bwana Mkubwa in Ndola, the company has grown into a global metals and mining company producing mainly copper, nickel, gold, and zinc from operations in Zambia, Spain, Mauritania, Australia, Finland, and Turkey along with large ore body copper projects in Argentina, Peru, and Panama.
FQM started with the modest production of 10,000 tonnes of copper annually. However, recognising Zambia’s rich mineral potential, the company embarked on an ambitious expansion journey. Today, FQM is a global mining leader, significantly contributing to Zambia’s GDP and employment. In 2023, FQM contributed US$727.8 million to Zambia’s economy, cementing its role as a key player in the country’s financial health.
FQM’s CEO, Tristan Pascall, highlights the company’s journey: “Our beginnings were modest, and we encountered numerous challenges along the way. However, our belief in Zambia’s potential never wavered. With strategic investments and a commitment to innovation, we have grown alongside this great nation, achieving milestones that have made a lasting impact on both the mining industry and the communities we serve.”
Sentinel Mine and the Transformation of Kalumbila
The Sentinel Mine is one of FQM’s flagship projects, exemplifying its commitment to mining excellence and community development. Located in Kalumbila District in North-Western Zambia, Sentinel is not only a significant producer of copper but also the heartbeat of the town of Kalumbila. Since 2016, Sentinel has produced over 240,000 tonnes of copper annually, contributing significantly to Zambia’s mineral output.
Beyond the mine itself, FQM’s efforts have transformed Kalumbila into a thriving community. The town now boasts modern housing, schools, healthcare facilities, and recreational amenities, turning the area into a vibrant hub where communities thrive.
Rudi Badenhorst, FQM’s COO, underscores this commitment: “Kalumbila stands as a testament to our dedication to creating lasting value that goes beyond mineral extraction.”
Kansanshi Mine and the S3 Expansion
The Kansanshi Mine, near Solwezi, has long been a cornerstone of FQM’s operations in Zambia. To further enhance value-addition, FQM has embarked on the Kansanshi S3 expansion project, a US$1.25 billion investment that will extend the mine’s life to 2044. This expansion, which includes a new 25 Mtpa processing plant, will restore annual copper production to over 250,000 tonnes and create additional employment and business opportunities in the Northwestern Province.
The Kansanshi copper smelter, which is also being expanded, will boost its capacity from 1.38 Mtpa to 1.65 MTPA of concentrate, supporting Zambia’s goals for increasing in-country value-addition and opening up opportunities for the use of copper mined in Zambia for manufacturing and other end-use functions locally.
Enterprise: Africa’s Largest Nickel Producer
FQM’s Enterprise Nickel Mine is another example of the company’s strategic diversification. Located just 12 kilometres from Sentinel, Enterprise is set to become Africa’s largest nickel producer, with a potential annual production capacity of 40,000 tonnes.
This project not only contributes to Zambia’s mining output but also positions the country as a critical player in the electric vehicle (EV) market, where nickel is essential for battery production.
FQM declared commercial production this year at Enterprise—a significant milestone following a period of commissioning and successful optimisation. Reflecting on its significance, FQM CEO Mr Pascall commented: “Enterprise is more than just a nickel mine. It symbolises what we aim to achieve—unlocking Zambia’s vast potential for the local economy and the global market. This project strengthens our resource base and reinforces our commitment to creating long-term, sustainable value for the country and extracting materials that are vital to today’s society and the future of our planet.”
Sustainable Development and Community Empowerment
At the core of FQM’s operations is a commitment to sustainable and responsible mining, prioritising environmental stewardship, community development, and sustainable practices. The company invests heavily in water conservation, energy efficiency, innovative waste management, and land rehabilitation to minimise its environmental footprint. In 2023, FQM invested over US$50 million in community projects, improving local healthcare, education, and infrastructure.
Mr Pascall emphasises the importance of these initiatives: “Responsible mining is not just part of our operations; it is the foundation of our relationship with Zambia and all the countries where we operate. Our success is directly tied to the well-being of the communities we serve.”
Exploring New Horizons
FQM’s strategy in Zambia involves expanding existing operations and seeking new opportunities through extensive exploration. Ongoing exploration at Sentinel and Kansanshi, alongside greenfield exploration projects, is a testament to FQM’s intent to grow with Zambia for decades to come.
In 2024, FQM exercised options on two new exploration licences, continuing its search for new mineral deposits. The company’s exploration efforts are vital to ensuring that Zambia’s resource base continues to grow, further cementing FQM’s role in securing the long-term sustainability of Zambia’s mining sector as a key contributor to the nation’s economy.
A Partnership Rooted in Trust and Shared Success
FQM’s longstanding presence in Zambia reflects a deep-rooted commitment to the nation. As one of the longest-serving mining companies in the country, FQM sees Zambia as its home, with a relationship built on trust and shared aspirations. The company’s contributions to Zambia’s treasury, local communities, and sustainable development demonstrate its role as a partner in the country’s progress.
The Zambia Development Agency (ZDA) has been part of FQM’s success story in Zambia. As Director General Albert Halwampa noted, ZDA has facilitated investment incentives for FQM expansion projects.
“Stable and consistent policies, best investment incentives, sound macroeconomic and fiscal fundamentals, and let’s not forget the visionary leadership of Mr Hakainde Hichilema, President of the Republic of Zambia, has galvanised the agency to provide support to FQM, among other investors in the country.” Mr Halwampa said.
He singled out incentives provided under the amended Investment, Trade and Business Development Act (ITBD) No. 18 of 2022, which has given investors like FQM leverage to expand production, create additional jobs, and increase their contributions to the treasury.
Pictured Above: Bonita To, FQML Director Investor Relations at Kabitaka School, Solwezi.
The Road Ahead: Growth for Another 60 Years and Beyond
As Zambia celebrates 60 years of independence, FQM looks to the future with optimism. With ongoing expansion at Kansanshi, new developments at Sentinel and Enterprise, and continuous exploration for new resources, FQM is poised to sustain its growth and continue contributing to Zambia’s economy. The company’s long-term vision is to ensure that Zambia remains a global leader in copper and nickel production for decades to come.
As Anthony Mukutuma, FQM’s Director – Zambia, explains: “Our journey in Zambia is far from over. We have achieved a great deal, but there is so much more to do. Our goal is to continue growing. By investing in new projects and expanding operations, we aim to drive further economic growth and ensure that Zambia remains a key player in the global mining industry and decarbonization agenda.”
Main image: The late Philip KR Pascall (far left, founder of FQM) with FQM senior leadership and Board of Directors at Trident, 2017.
